Argo CD needs to deploy your apps secrets too (GHA Secrets aren’t an option)
Tool options I would consider include:
Sealed Secrets in Git. Great for small teams with only a few clusters. Hard to scale across dozens of clusters
Argo CD Vault Plugin is a specific solution in Argo CD that avoids CRDs (simpler deployment) but only has "all or nothing" access for humans (Supports Vault,AWS,GCP,Azure,SOPS,1Password,Yandex,Keeper,IBM)